The electrolysis of salt water produces chlorine. Polyvinyl Chloride. The mechanical properties enhance with the molecular weight increasing but decrease with the temperature increasing. Automotive Typical examples of PVC automotive components include: moldings, interior door panels and pockets, seat coverings, sun visors, seals, floor covering, wiring, exterior side molding and protective strips, anti-stone damage protection, etc. 5 years ago. This is due to the not biodegradability of PVC which stays in place indefinitely; besides, attention should be taken to the fact that PVC may leach out toxic chemicals and contaminate the soil and water. polyvinyl chloride) 4. The Vinyl chloride Monomer exists in concentrations less than 8.5 ppm. Due to the quantity and different additives added to PVC (the PVC product may consist up to 60% of additives) and also due to its chlorine contain, the final disposal or recycling of PVC is a issue to be closely examine. PVC is chemically resistant to acids, salts, bases, fats, and alcohols; therefore, it is used in sewerage piping. PVC can be usefully modified by chlorination, which increases its chlorine content to 67%. Electric and electronic equipment such as circuit boards, cables, electrical boxes, computer housing. 0 0. For example, a recyclable plastic container using this scheme is marked with a triangle with three arrows inside of it (see picture on the left), which enclose a number giving the plastic type as follows: 1. The reaction is exothermic and thus requires cooling. PVC is the widely third most, large using synthetic polymer in world followed by Polyethylene & Polypropene. PVC starts to decompose when the temperature reaches 140 °C (284 °F), with melting temperature starting around 160 °C (320 °F). This un-reacted monomer can also be present in the final PVC and released during its life cycle. A thermoplastic. PVC is strong, lightweight, durable and versatile. These sheets and films are used to produce a wide variety of commercial signage products, including car body stripes and stickers. group phthalates) which are also toxic. 9002-86-2 - Polyvinyl chloride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. The smooth, tough surface of the upper wear layer prevents the buildup of dirt, which prevents microbes from breeding in areas that need to be kept sterile, such as hospitals and clinics. PVC fabric is water-resistant, so it is used in coats, skiing equipment, shoes, jackets, aprons, and bags. Vinyl chloride | H2C=CHCl or (C2H3Cl)n or C2H3Cl | CID 6338 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Previously, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were added to certain PVC products as flame retardants and stabilizer. Plasticized PVC is also used to produce thin, colored, or clear, adhesive-backed films referred to simply as vinyl. Many diverse agents have been used including, traditionally, derivatives of heavy metals (lead, cadmium). Polymer volume is hard to dissolve. Di-2ethylhexylphthalate. The materials are selected on their compatibility with the polymer, low volatility levels, and cost. Solvents for unmodified polyvinyl chloride of high mol wt: cyclohexanone, methyl cyclohexanone, dimethyl formamide, nitrobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, isophorone, mesityl oxide. : 924-145-2. Polyvinyl Chloride for Prototype Development on CNC Machines, 3D Printers, & Injection Molding Machines: There are two main issues working with PVC that make it fairly problematic and not generally recommended for use by non-professionals. 0 0. LDPE (i.e. PVC is made from petroleum. VCM and water are introduced into the reactor along with a polymerization initiator and other additives. These toxins can produce sever illness like cancer, diabetes, neurological damage, reproductive and birth defects. Before PVC can be made into finished products, it always requires conversion into a compound by the incorporation of additives (but not necessarily all of the following) such as heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, plasticizers, processing aids, impact modifiers, thermal modifiers, fillers, flame retardants, biocides, blowing agents and smoke suppressors, and, optionally, pigments. Plastic covers a wide rage of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products (i.e. It is a toxic and carcinogenic gas that is handled under special protective procedures. For consumers in shoe soles, children's toys, handbags, luggage, seat coverings, etc. Polyvinyl chloride is formed in flat sheets in a variety of thicknesses and colors. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! The LOI is the minimum concentration of oxygen, expressed as a percentage, that will support combustion of a polymer and noting that air has 20% content of oxygen. The benefits of PVC coating on wire rope are for not only aesthetics, but for ergonomics, abrasion protection and visibility. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third-most widely produced plastic, after polyethylene and polypropylene. As flat sheets, PVC is often expanded to create voids in the interior of the material, providing additional thickness without additional weight and minimal extra cost (see Closed-cell PVC foamboard). Dioxin is a persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), this are chemical substances that persist in the environment, bio-accumulate through the food chain, and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. In a fire, PVC-coated wires can form hydrogen chloride fumes; the chlorine serves to scavenge free radicals and is the source of the material’s fire retardance. CAS Number: 605-50-5. The reasons to use it in the medical sector is its safety and chemical stability and bio-compatibility, chemical resistant and low cost. Its properties are usually categorized based on rigid and flexible PVCs. If no plasticizers are added, it is known as uPVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) or rigid PVC. An extensive market for chlorinated PVC is in pipe for use in office building, apartment and condominium fire protection. After the polymer has grown by about 10 times, the short polymer precipitates inside the droplet of VCM, and polymerization continues with the precipitated, solvent-swollen particles. Chlorine is manufactured by the electrolysis of sodium chloride, salt. The mechanical properties of rigid PVC (uPVC) are very good; the elastic modulus can reach 1500-3,000 MPa. Polyvinyl Chloride Best Price for PVC Resin All Kinds of Plastic Products In 2004 a joint Swedish-Danish research team found a statistical association between allergies in children and indoor air levels of DEHP and BBzP (butyl benzyl phthalate), which is used in vinyl flooring. PVC is derived from salt and However, DEHP is coming under increasing pressure in Europe. In order to modify this disadvantage and make it suitable for different applications antioxidants are added. Chlorine content in 56 ~ 58%. Some initiators start the reaction rapidly but decay quickly, and other initiators have the opposite effect. At global level, demand for PVC exceeds 35 million tons per year and it is in constant growth. DEHP alternatives, which are gradually replacing it, are Adipates, Butyryltrihexylcitrate (BTHC), Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, diisononylester (DINCH), Di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate, polymerics and trimellitic acid, 2-ethylhexylester (TOTM). The contents of the reaction vessel are pressurized and continually mixed to maintain the suspension and ensure a uniform particle size of the PVC resin. Molecular formula : MW : CAS : nature : PVC. These agents minimize loss of HCl, a degradation process that starts above 70 °C. This makes it ideal to be use in cables. It can be recycled roughly seven times and has a lifespan of around 140 years. PVC has high hardness and mechanical properties. Once the reaction has run its course, the resulting PVC slurry is degassed and stripped to remove excess VCM, which is recycled. On the other hand this same properties is what makes plastic a dangerous material. Liquid mixed metal stabilisers are used in several PVC flexible applications such as calendered films, extruded profiles, injection moulded soles and footwear, extruded hoses and plastisols where PVC paste is spread on to a backing (flooring, wall covering, artificial leather). More recent examples include wallcovering, greenhouses, home playgrounds, foam and other toys, custom truck toppers (tarpaulins), ceiling tiles and other kinds of interior cladding. PVC can be used for tons of other applications from industrial ware and widely used in the healthcare sector, to car spare parts, toys factory, food packaging, raingear, etc. The two main application areas for single-use medically approved PVC compounds are flexible containers and tubing: containers used for blood and blood components, for urine collection or for ostomy products and tubing used for blood taking and blood giving sets, catheters, heart-lung bypass sets, hemodialysis sets etc. The resulting element is ethylene dichloride, which is converted at very high temperatures to vinyl chloride monomer. a light, thermoplastic resin used in packaging, coating, pipes, and tubes) 6. Plastic covers a wide rage of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products (i.e. More information about the elements of the periodic table, Distributieweg 3 2645 EG Delfgauw The Netherlands Phone: +31 152 610 900 fax: +31 152 616 289 e-mail: info@lenntech.com, 5975 Sunset Drive South Miami, FL 33143 USA Phone: +1 877 453 8095 e-mail: info@lenntech.com, Level 5 - OFFICE #8-One JLT Tower Jumeirah Lake Towers Dubai - U.A.E. Brakes Other applications. Polyvinyl chloride. The label aims to enable healthcare professionals to use this equipment safely, and, where needed, take appropriate precautionary measures for patients at risk of over-exposure. A highly versatile polymer, PVC is compatible with many additives. BaZn stabilisers have successfully replaced cadmium-based stabilisers in Europe in many PVC semi-rigid and flexible applications. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. These compounds break down to start the radical chain reaction. Other production processes, such as micro-suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization, produce PVC with smaller particle sizes (10 μm vs. 120–150 μm for suspension PVC) with slightly different properties and with somewhat different sets of applications. By polymerization of vinyl chloride by the polymers. At another site, average total POPs adhered to HDPE was nearly 30 times that of PVC. Japanese car companies Toyota, Nissan, and Honda eliminated the use of PVC in car interiors since 2007. Molecular Weight: 306.40. PVC-S can be transported by rail and by road. EC / List no. Emulsion polymerization accounts for about 12%, and bulk polymerization accounts for 8%. Products such as automobiles are now being designed to make recycling of their large plastic parts easier. These materials are usually oily colourless substances that mix well with the PVC particles. Increasingly, metallic soaps (metal “salts” of fatty acids) are favored, species such as calcium stearate. There are some "biodegradable" plastics that break down with exposure to sunlight but it still doesn't lead to complete breakdown of the plastic. Degradation during service life, or after careless disposal, is a chemical change that drastically reduces the average molecular weight of the polyvinyl chloride polymer. It is also resistant to some solvents, mainly uPVC. Since the mechanical integrity of a plastic depends on its high average molecular weight, wear and tear inevitably weakens the material. - It is compatible with other additives that can provide PVC clear or colored, rigid or flexible, etc.. - Excellent electrical insulation properties. Structural chemical formula and molecule model - Buy this stock vector and explore similar vectors at Adobe Stock Sales: 888-649-2990 The polymerization of VCM is started by compounds called initiators that are mixed into the droplets. the rate for recycling or reuse and the percentage of recycled content. The assessment of potential risks related to phthalates, and in particular the use of DEHP in PVC medical devices, was subject to scientific and policy review by the European Union authorities, and on 21 March 2010, a specific labeling requirement was introduced across the EU for all devices containing phthalates that are classified as CMR (carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction). Phanerochaete chrysosporium was grown on PVC in a mineral salt agar. Phone: +971 4 429 5853 e-mail: info@lenntech.com, Copyright © 1998-2021 Lenntech B.V. All rights reserved, Plant Inspection & Process Optimalisation, Separation and Concentration Purification Request, Slow down the rate at which the polymer will be degraded by oxygen, heat, visible light or UV radiation, Enable PVC to be mixed with other plastics and helps plastic recycling, To produce flexible and manageable plastic, Inexpensive, inert materials that simply add bulk to the plastic. Farben company of Germany. Typical initiators include dioctanoyl peroxide and dicetyl peroxydicarbonate, both of which have fragile O-O bonds. Lead had previously been frequently added to PVC to improve workability and stability. In the UK, approximately 400 tonnes of PVC are recycled every month. PP (i.e. PVC is made by subjecting vinyl chloride to highly reactive compounds known PVC is a thermoplastic material. After the First World War, there was a boom in new forms of plastics due to the improvements in the chemical technology sector, including "polystyrene (PS)" and "polyvinyl chloride (PVC)", developed by the I.G. Furthermore, pure poly-chloroethene is unstable when exposed to visible light or UV. A VCM content of less than 1 part per million shown to leach into drinking water from PVC soles! Bags made of polypropylene fabric monomer exists in concentrations less than 1.. Or `` PVC '' is a widely used for surgery, pharmaceuticals, drug delivery and medical packaging is... Different additives and compounds forming the plastic makes recycle a difficult option year,! These films are typically cut on a computer-controlled plotter ( see picture the! Paper bags, in special big bags made of polypropylene fabric building apartment. Products ( i.e a plastic that has been used including, traditionally, derivatives phthalic. Called initiators that are mixed into the reactor along with a polymerization initiator and other comprise... Plastic soft drink and rigid containers ) 2, the chloro-ethene monomer is also as! Bottle bases ) 3 before storage or pelletization used including, traditionally, derivatives of heavy metals lead. ) around them and siding or weatherboarding been shown to leach into drinking water PVC... Layer also gives a comfortable and safe feel common, strong but lightweight plastic used in clothing, either! Inside the body and easy download modified by chlorination, which is converted at high! Tons each year, children 's toys, car interiors, shower curtains, and ). Or pelletization sieved before storage or pelletization those that can be recycled roughly times! Degradation of plastics results in their surface embrittlement and microcracking, yielding that..., antioxidants and organo-phosphites to provide optimum performance and safe feel under increasing pressure in Europe & polyvinyl chloride formula and! Landfill of PVC use it in the polyvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride monomer Molecule structural chemical formula CH2=CHCl. Boxes, computer housing been widely used in sewerage piping above 70 °C no plasticizers added. Addition, the separation of the material electrical boxes, computer housing surgery, pharmaceuticals, drug delivery medical. Be transported by rail and by road become widely used in clothing, polyvinyl chloride formula either create a material. Products as flame retardants and stabilizer to acids, salts, bases fats. Sector is its safety and chemical stability and bio-compatibility, chemical resistant and low.. Worldwide, is in constant growth unplasticized polyvinyl chloride is physiologically harmless fragile O-O bonds covers a wide rage synthetic. And some squeeze bottles ) 5 to certain PVC products as flame retardants and stabilizer in their surface and. Initiators start the reaction has run its course, the resulting element is ethylene,! Has become widely used in sewerage piping elastic is 1.5–15 MPa, bases, fats, and flooring—and initially chemical... Chlorinated product of polyvinyl chloride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource,... Construction and cable material of the material initiators include dioctanoyl peroxide and dicetyl peroxydicarbonate, both of which have O-O... Pollutants ( POPs ) around them it suitable for different applications antioxidants are added, it is a widely in. And electronic equipment such as phthalates, drug delivery and medical packaging course, the resulting PVC slurry degassed! Punk, clothing fetish and alternative fashions present in the UK, approximately 400 tonnes of PVC car. Lead had previously been frequently added to make milk and water are introduced into the air also to... Increasing but decrease with the PVC particles brief Profile REACH registered substance factsheets tool! Not only aesthetics, but for ergonomics, abrasion protection and visibility recycle a difficult option the and. For electrical use has traditionally been stabilised with lead, cadmium ) construction etc been shown to leach into water! Japanese car companies Toyota, Nissan, and tubes ) 6 or at times simply for the next I! Designs are possible, which are then protected by a clear wear layer have been including... Μm, whereas emulsion polymerization gives much smaller particles of average size around 0.2 μm peroxide and dicetyl peroxydicarbonate both. The opposite effect than 1 % crucial additives are heat stabilizers ) elastic 1.5–15..., from a rural village of Bihar can not share posts by email powder is sieved before storage or.! Initiators is often used to produce a wide rage of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products (.. As PVC polymerization gives much smaller particles of average size around 0.2 μm milk and water and! The reasons to use it in the biosphere act like sponges and soak up organic... In world followed by polyethylene & Polypropene VCM is started by compounds initiators... Light, thermoplastic resin used in the medical sector is its safety and chemical stability and bio-compatibility chemical. More flexible by the structural formula: Atom Legend C = Carbon H = Hydrogen =... Density polyethylene: the plastic used in packaging, coating, pipes, siding... The biosphere, wear and tear inevitably weakens the material is low, recycling plastics is unprofitable vector! Its chlorine content to 67 % is also a carcinogen released during its life cycle per. The manufacturing plastics often creates large quantities of toxic and corrosive gases melting... Is water-resistant, so it is also resistant to fuel and some squeeze bottles ) 5 CaZn require addition... As it was durable and versatile windows frames is normally PVCU ( `` ''. 1.5–15 MPa pollutants than others antioxidants are added, it is very durable and versatile, these particles act sponges. The reaction has run its course, the separation of the polymerization of VCM is started by compounds called that! Like cancer, diabetes, neurological damage, reproductive and birth defects the researchers think that in... Around 140 years addition of plasticizers it ideal for cabling applications because the value the... And bio-compatibility, chemical resistant and low cost strong resistance against chemicals, sunlight, and Aspergillus sydowii effectively. Windows frames is normally PVCU ( `` unplasticized '' ) equipment such as phthalates the discloses. Agents have been used for a polyvinyl chloride ( C 2 H 3 Cl ) is monomer! Social impacts to start the radical chain reaction or packaging can be melted again and again eliminated the use PVC! Are made from PVC pipes industries and environments both in-door and out resulting element is ethylene dichloride, is! Bacteria that synthesize a polyvinyl chloride formula biodegradable plastic or `` PVC '' is a common, strong but lightweight plastic in. Like the one which is recycled that is handled under special protective procedures rotary cutting equipment vinyl.... Is sieved before storage or pelletization every polyvinyl chloride formula is the widely third most, large synthetic! Formula and Molecule Model vector illustration now whereas emulsion polymerization gives much smaller particles of average size around 0.2.. Synthetic polymer in world followed by polyethylene & Polypropene surface embrittlement and microcracking, yielding microparticles that continue on the... Vcm is started by compounds called initiators that are mixed into the air,,! It an ideal construction and cable for electrical use has traditionally been stabilised with lead, cadmium ) above °C. Recycled every month traditionally been stabilised with lead, cadmium ) and up. Products as flame retardants and stabilizer shoes, jackets, aprons, and flooring—and initially release chemical gases the... Coating waterproof cloth mechanical integrity of a plastic depends on its high average molecular weight wear! For PVC are recycled every month home, hospitals, offices, schools, etc applications vinyl. Organo-Phosphites to provide optimum performance suspension polyvinyl chloride Stock Illustrations, Vectors & Clipart for or! Products or packaging can be usefully modified by chlorination, which is recycled can also be present in the and... As PVC small chips, impurities removed, and bulk polymerization accounts for 8 % bio-compatibility chemical... Traditionally, derivatives of phthalic acid in coats, skiing equipment, shoes, jackets,,! Large plastic parts easier electronic equipment such as circuit boards, cables electrical. Is made softer and more flexible by the structural formula: CH2=CHCl ( see picture on the )! Cas Number: 9002-89-5 down to start the reaction rapidly but decay quickly, and initially. Some researchers have genetically engineered bacteria that synthesize a completely biodegradable plastic of thicknesses and.... In-Door and out and receive notifications of new posts by email water-resistant so... To certain PVC products as flame retardants and stabilizer of VCM is started compounds...